When I was a boy, I believed that people with blue eyes could perceive the color blue more acutely than people with brown eyes.
This research doesn't exactly prove that, but it does suggest there's a mind-language-perception link going on.
It was clearly the language system interfering with a task that was presumably purely visual: distinguishing between different colors. Categories in our thinking may go much deeper than we think.
While not conclusive, this research indicates that having a greater definition of a given color enables perception to a more granular degree. Its conceivable that this language-physiology link permeates our ability to think and perceive well beyond colors.
